Bipolar Disorder and Empathy

 Bipolar Disorder and Empathy Awareness, Information, Research and Resources

“Telling someone who is manic that she's manic is like telling a dictator that he's a dick. Neither is going to admit it, and both are willing to torture you to prove their points.” ― Melody Moezzi

Bipolar Disorder and Empathy Awareness

Bipolar Disorder and Empathy Research

Bipolar Disorder and Empathy
"Bipolar Disorder is a mental health condition characterized by periods of intense mood swings, ranging from depressive episodes to manic or hypomanic episodes. These mood swings can significantly impact various aspects of a person's life, including their emotions and social interactions.

When it comes to empathy and Bipolar Disorder, individuals with the condition can experience empathy, but the expression and experience of empathy may be influenced by their mood state. Here's how empathy may be affected during different phases of the disorder:

1. Depressive episodes: During depressive episodes, individuals with Bipolar Disorder may experience a decrease in overall emotional responsiveness, which can affect their ability to feel and express empathy. They may have difficulty connecting with others emotionally and may struggle to understand or respond to the emotions of those around them.

2. Manic or hypomanic episodes: During manic or hypomanic episodes, individuals with Bipolar Disorder may experience heightened emotions and increased energy levels. In some cases, this can lead to an increased sense of empathy and a heightened ability to understand and connect with the emotions of others. However, it's important to note that empathy experienced during manic episodes may also be influenced by other symptoms, such as grandiosity or impulsivity.

It's worth mentioning that Bipolar Disorder is a complex condition, and its impact on empathy can vary among individuals. Some individuals may consistently experience empathy regardless of their mood state, while others may find that their ability to empathize fluctuates along with their mood swings.

Treatment and management of Bipolar Disorder, such as medication and therapy, can play a crucial role in stabilizing mood swings and improving overall emotional well-being. This, in turn, may help individuals with Bipolar Disorder maintain a more consistent capacity for empathy across different mood states.

If you or someone you know is struggling with Bipolar Disorder, it's important to seek professional help from mental health experts who can provide an accurate diagnosis and develop an appropriate treatment plan." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

Altered Empathy-related Resting-state Functional Connectivity in Patients with Bipolar Disorder Springer

Bipolar Disorder & Lack of Empathy Pain Assist

Bipolar Disorder and Extreme Empathy Healthy Place

Bipolar Disorder Resources Mental Health and Motivation

Bipolar Empathy: A Humanistic View Linkedin

Can bipolar feel Empathy? The Healthy Journal

Can Bipolar Disorder Cause a Lack of Empathy? Healthline

Changes in Empathy in Bipolar Disorder Boston Evening Therapy

Characterization and Interrelationships of Theory of Mind, Socially Competitive Emotions and Affective Empathy in Bipolar Disorder British Journal of Clinical Psychology

Developing Empathy for People with Bipolar Disorder Through Interactive Performance PDF Download ScienceOpen 

Do People with Bipolar Disorder have a Lack of Empathy? Cambridge University Press

Decreased Empathy Response to other People’s Pain in Bipolar Disorder: Evidence from an Event-Related Potential Study NIH

Deficits in Explicit Emotion Regulation in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review NIH

Empathy Deficit Disorder Resources Mental Health and Motivation 

Empathy and Theory of Mind in Euthymic Bipolar Disorder Science Direct

Emotional Intelligence in Individuals with Bipolar Disorder (Thesis) Nottingham Trent University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy

How Can I Show Empathy to my Loved One with Bipolar? NorthStar Transitions

How specific are emotional deficits? A comparison of empathic abilities in schizophrenia, bipolar and depressed patients Elsevier

Increased Affective Empathy in Bipolar Patients during a Manic Episode NIH

Neuropsychological Evidence of Impaired Cognitive Empathy in Euthymic Bipolar Disorder Psychiatry Online

Patients with Bipolar Disorders Exhibit Impaired Resting-state Functional Connectivity Relating to Empathy Chinese Academy of Sciences

Risk or Resilience? Empathic Abilities in Patients with Bipolar Disorders and their First-Degree Relatives Science Direct

The Forgotten Affective Route of Social Cognition in Patients with Bipolar Disorders Sage Journals

What to Know About Bipolar Disorder and Empathy WebMD

🎓 Mental Health, Psychology and Relationship Resources

Multi-Level Neuro-Processing (MLNP™) Resources

Multi-Level Neuro-Processing  (MLNP™) and Mental Health

“People will need help and support either intermittently or continuously, but their mental health experience no more defines them than their sexuality, gender, personality or any other aspect of their identity.” - Mike Slade, Lindsay Oades, & Aaron Jarden

Multi-Level Neuro-Processing

"Multi-level neuro-processing refers to the concept of information processing within the brain that occurs at multiple levels or stages. It recognizes that the brain's processing of information involves a hierarchical organization, with each level performing specific functions and contributing to the overall cognitive processes.

At the lowest level, there are individual neurons that receive and transmit electrical signals. These neurons communicate with each other through synaptic connections, forming neural networks. This level of processing involves basic functions such as signal propagation and integration.

At higher levels, groups of neurons form specialized circuits or brain regions responsible for specific functions. For example, visual processing involves the interaction of various brain regions, each responsible for different aspects such as object recognition, motion detection, or color perception.

Multi-level neuro-processing also encompasses the idea of hierarchical processing within individual brain regions. Within a given region, information is processed in a step-by-step manner, with each level building upon the output of the previous level. This hierarchical organization allows for increasingly complex representations and computations.

A classic example of multi-level neuro-processing is found in visual processing. In the visual system, sensory information from the eyes is initially processed in the primary visual cortex, where simple features such as edges and orientations are detected. The processed information is then passed to higher-level visual areas, where more complex features, such as shapes and objects, are recognized. Finally, in the highest-level areas, the processed information is integrated with other cognitive processes, such as memory and attention, to form a coherent perceptual experience.

Understanding multi-level neuro-processing is crucial for unraveling the complexities of brain function and cognition. It helps researchers investigate how information is processed, represented, and transformed within the brain across different levels, leading to a deeper understanding of neurological disorders, cognitive processes, and the functioning of the human mind." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

How Does MLNP™ Life Coaching Work? Coach Prinsloo : Exceptional Life Coaching 

Life Couching Resources Mental Health and Motivation

Multi-Level Neuro Processing (MLNP™) Coaching Article Mental Health and Motivation

MLNP ™ Training Workshops Institute for Multi-Level Neuro-Processing

The Neuro-Coach Method MLNP ™  Neuro-Coach Method

Trauma and Somatic Counselling Coach Prinsloo : Exceptional Life Coaching

🎓 Mental Health, Psychology and Relationship Resources

International Mental Healthcare Challenges

Challenges in Global Mental Health Care Policies, Systems and Research

“Over the course of the past decade, there’s been increased willingness to recognize mental health as an essential part of one’s well-being.” Nicole Spector

Challenges in Mental Health Disorder Diagnosis

Mental Healthcare Management Challenges and Opportunities

International Mental Healthcare Challenges

"International mental healthcare faces several challenges that impact access to quality care and the well-being of individuals worldwide. Some of these challenges include:

1. Stigma: Stigma surrounding mental health issues remains a significant challenge globally. Negative attitudes and misconceptions surrounding mental illness often lead to discrimination, social exclusion, and reluctance to seek help. This stigma can prevent individuals from accessing appropriate care and support.

2. Limited Resources: Many countries, particularly low- and middle-income nations, face resource constraints when it comes to mental healthcare. There is often a lack of funding, inadequate infrastructure, and a shortage of mental health professionals. Limited resources make it challenging to provide comprehensive services and reach vulnerable populations.

3. Inequality and Disparities: Mental healthcare inequalities exist between and within countries. Disparities can be observed in terms of access to services, quality of care, and availability of specialized treatments. Marginalized populations, such as those from low-income backgrounds, ethnic minorities, and refugees, are often disproportionately affected by limited access and poorer mental health outcomes.

4. Integration of Mental Health into Primary Care: Integrating mental health services into primary care settings is crucial for addressing the global mental health burden. However, many healthcare systems still struggle to achieve this integration effectively. Lack of training, awareness, and coordination between mental health and primary care providers hinder the delivery of comprehensive, coordinated care.

5. Global Burden and Rising Demand: Mental health disorders contribute significantly to the global burden of disease. The demand for mental health services is increasing, driven by factors such as population growth, urbanization, and the impact of societal changes and stressors. Meeting this rising demand is a substantial challenge for healthcare systems worldwide.

6. Emergency and Crisis Response: Adequate emergency and crisis mental healthcare services are essential to support individuals in acute distress. However, many regions lack well-developed crisis response systems, including crisis helplines, emergency psychiatric facilities, and community-based crisis interventions. This gap poses challenges in providing timely and effective care during emergencies.

7. Cultural and Linguistic Competence: Mental healthcare must be culturally sensitive and linguistically appropriate to meet the needs of diverse populations. Language barriers, cultural differences, and varying beliefs about mental health can hinder effective communication, accurate diagnosis, and appropriate treatment. Addressing these challenges requires culturally competent care and the involvement of trained interpreters when necessary.

8. Mental Health in Conflict and Post-Conflict Settings: Populations affected by conflicts, disasters, and humanitarian crises are particularly vulnerable to mental health problems. The provision of mental healthcare in these settings is challenging due to disruptions in healthcare systems, infrastructure damage, and the need to address trauma-related issues. Rebuilding mental health services and ensuring psychosocial support is crucial in these contexts.

To overcome these challenges, a comprehensive approach is needed, focusing on destigmatization, increased investment in mental health infrastructure, workforce development, community-based care, and integrating mental health into primary healthcare. Collaboration among governments, healthcare providers, non-governmental organizations, and international agencies is essential to address these challenges effectively and improve mental healthcare worldwide." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

Challenges and Barriers in Mental Healthcare Systems and their Impact on the Family: A Systematic Integrative Review Wiley Online Library

Challenges and Lessons Learned in Mental Health Research among Refugees: A Community-Based Study in Turkey BMC Public Health

Challenges and Opportunities in Global Mental Health: a Research-to-Practice Perspective ResearhGate

Challenges and Opportunities to Meet the Mental Health Needs of Underserved and Disenfranchised Populations in the United States Focus Psychiatry Online

Challenges and Priorities for global mental health in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) era The Academy of Medical Sciences

Challenges associated with Mental Health Management: Barriers and Consequences Science Direct

Challenges in Diagnosing Psychiatric Problems in Very Young Children Child Mind Institute 

Challenges faced by Mental Health Nurses working with people living with Mental Illness in Eswatini: A Qualitative Study Science Direct

Different Mental Disorders and Their Challenges Happy Place

Global Mental Health Needs, Services, Barriers, and Challenges JSTOR

International and National Policy Challenges in Mental Health NIH

Integrating Mental Health Services into Primary Health Care – A Review of Challenges and Outcomes in the International Setting Cambridge University Press

Issues and Challenges of Mental Health in Malaysia HR Mars

Lack of Adolescents’ Mental Health Care Is a Global Challenge Jama Network

Mental Health Research in India: New Challenges and the Way Forward Sage Journals

Mental health research in the Arab region: Challenges and Call for Action The Lancet Psychiatry

Mental Health System Costs, Resources and Constraints in South Africa: A National Survey Oxford Academic

Mental illness is a Global Problem: We Need a Global Response  Health Poverty Action

Operational challenges in the pre-intervention phase of a mental health trial in rural India: reflections from SMART Mental Health BMC

Opportunities and Challenges of Global Mental Health Springer

Policy Development and Challenges of Global Mental Health: A Systematic Review of published Studies of National-level Mental Health Policies American Psychological Association

Review and Analysis of mental health reforms in several countries: Implementation, comparison and future challenges Peertechz

Sharing solutions, facing the Challenges of Global Mental Health Global Health Institute

The challenges faced by Mental Health Care Users in a Primary Care Setting: A Qualitative Study PDF Download University of Pretoria

The Nine Grand Challenges in Global Mental Health Frontiers in Psychiatry

Understanding India’s response to mental health care: a systematic review of the literature and overview of the National Mental Health Programme JoGHNP

What are the Current Challenges in Mental Health Disorder Diagnosis?  News Medical Health

Why we should invest in Mental Health in Africa World Economic Forum

Global Mental Health Challenges and Priorities - Video

🎓 Mental Health, Psychology and Relationship Resources

Time Management Resources

Effective Personal Time Management

“You get to decide where your time goes. You can either spend it moving forward, or you can spend it putting out fires. You decide. And if you don’t decide, others will decide for you.” – Tony Morgan

Benefits of Time Management

Effective Time Management

What is Time Management?

Time Management

Time management refers to the practice of effectively allocating and utilizing one's time to accomplish tasks, achieve goals, and maximize productivity. It involves planning, organizing, prioritizing, and controlling the time spent on various activities.

Here are some key principles and strategies for effective time management:

1. Set clear goals: Clearly define what you want to achieve, both in the short term and long term. This will help you prioritize tasks and allocate time accordingly.

2. Prioritize tasks: Identify the most important and urgent tasks and focus on completing them first. Use techniques like Eisenhower's Urgent-Important Matrix to categorize tasks based on their priority.

3. Plan and schedule: Create a daily, weekly, or monthly schedule to allocate specific time slots for different activities. Use tools like calendars, planners, or digital apps to help you stay organized.

4. Break tasks into smaller steps: Large tasks can be overwhelming, so break them down into smaller, manageable steps. This will make them more approachable and easier to accomplish.

5. Avoid multitasking: While it may seem efficient, multitasking can actually decrease productivity and quality of work. Instead, focus on one task at a time and give it your full attention.

6. Eliminate distractions: Minimize or eliminate distractions that can consume your time, such as social media, email notifications, or excessive noise. Create a conducive work environment that promotes focus and concentration.

7. Learn to delegate: If possible, delegate tasks to others to lighten your workload and free up time for more important responsibilities. Delegation can help you leverage the skills and strengths of others.

8. Take breaks: Regular breaks can improve productivity and prevent burnout. Schedule short breaks throughout your workday to rest and recharge.

9. Learn to say no: It's important to set boundaries and prioritize your own time. Learn to decline requests or tasks that don't align with your goals or priorities.

10. Reflect and adapt: Regularly evaluate your time management practices and identify areas for improvement. Adjust your strategies as needed to optimize your productivity and effectiveness.

Remember, effective time management is a skill that takes practice and consistency. By implementing these strategies and finding a system that works for you, you can enhance your productivity, reduce stress, and achieve a better work-life balance." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

Benefits of Effective Time Management Article

Essential Time Management Techniques Article

Five time management techniques to help you make the most of each day Fingerprints For Success

Manipulate Time With These Powerful Time Management Tips Article

Organise Yourself: Clear the Clutter; Take Charge of Your Time; Manage Information
John Caunt

Strategies for Better Time Management Article

The Pomodoro Technique: The Acclaimed Time-Management System That Has Transformed How We Work Francesco Cirillo

Time Management: Proven Techniques for Making Every Minute Count
Richard Walsh

Time Management : Set Priorities to Get the Right Things Done
John Hoover

What Is Time Management? Article

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🎓 Mental Health, Psychology and Relationship Resources

Racism and Mental Health

Impact and Prejudice of Racism / Racial Abuse and Discrimination

“Hating people because of their color is wrong. And it doesn't matter which color does the hating. It's just plain wrong.” ― Muhammad Ali

"Defeating racism, tribalism, intolerance and all forms of discrimination will liberate us all, victim and perpetrator alike." ― Ban Ki-moon

What Is Racism? Definition and Examples

Effects and Impact of Racism

Racism and Mental Health

Racism Counselling

Understanding Racial Prejudice

Why is Racism a problem?

Racism
"Racism is a complex and deeply ingrained issue that involves the belief in the inherent superiority or inferiority of individuals or groups based on their race. It manifests in various forms, including discriminatory attitudes, behaviors, policies, and systemic inequalities.

Racism has no scientific basis as there is only one human race, but it has had significant social and historical impacts throughout the world. It has led to discrimination, oppression, and marginalization of racial and ethnic minorities, resulting in unequal access to resources, opportunities, and social justice.

Efforts to combat racism have been ongoing for many years, with progress made in some areas. However, it remains a persistent problem in societies globally. Various approaches have been employed to address racism, including education, legislation, advocacy, and promoting diversity and inclusion.

It is crucial for individuals and communities to actively challenge and confront racism, both in overt and subtle forms, to create a more equitable and just society. This involves recognizing and challenging our own biases, promoting empathy and understanding, and advocating for policies and practices that promote equality and justice for all people, regardless of their race or ethnicity." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

Anti-Racism Resources Race & Equity Initiative University of Washington

Anti-Racism Resources UNC Diversity and Inclusion

Children, Race and Racism: How Race Awareness Develops PDF Document Download 

Confronting Racism in Counselling and Therapy Training Wiley Online Library

Discrimination and Intolerance Council of Europe

Early Childhood Adversity, Toxic Stress, and the Impacts of Racism on the Foundations of Health Annual Reviews

Guide for Young People: Racism and Mental Health Young Minds

How Racism Can Affect Child Development Center on the Developing Child Harvard University

National Anti-Racism Strategy and Racism. It Stops with Me : Australian Human Rights Commission PDF Document Download

Perceived Discrimination, Race and Health in South Africa National Library of Medicine

Perceptions of Race PDF Download Center for Evolutionary Psychology University of California 

Resources for Talking about Race, Racism and Racialized Violence with Kids
Center for Racial Justice and Education

Racism, Bias, and Discrimination American Psychological Association

Racism Counselling American Counselling Association

Racism, Hate Speech, and Social Media: A Systematic Review and Critique Sage Journals

Racism and its Impact on Society Be United

Racism is Still Part of the Daily South African Experience Moneyweb

Racism and Mental Health Mind

Racism and Mental Health: What to Know WebMD

Racism: What it is, how it Affects us and Why it’s Everyone’s Job to Do Something About It
Synergies

Racism, Xenophobia, and Misogynistic Prejudice in South Africa.  A Case Study of Policy Interventions Since 1994 PDF Download 2022 Pathfinders

Resources for Talking About Race, Racism and Racialized Violence with Kids
Centre for Racial Justice in Education

Systemic Racism has Consequences for All Life in Cities University of Washington

Talking to Kids about Race and Racism Kids Health

Talking with Children and Young People about Race and Racism British Red Cross

Talks to Help You Understand Racism in America TED

The Effects of Racism on Health and Mental Health spunout / INAR

The Impacts of Racism on Health - Race to Justice Toolkit PDF Download

The Impact of Racism on the Future Health of Adults: Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study

BMC Public Health

The Impact of “Every Day” Racism on the Mental Health of Young People
Experimental Psychology

The Impact of Racism on Pediatric Mental Health Illinois Doc Assist

The Impact of Racism and Violence on Communities National Library of Medicine

The Impact of Racism on Social Functioning Taylor and Francis Online

Understanding Racial Prejudice Thought Co

What are the Effects of Racism on Health and Mental Health? Medical News Today

What Is The Psychological Impact Of Racism? Stuartcentre

What Is Racism: Definition and Examples Thought Co

Why is Racism a problem? Australian Human Rights Commission

What is Xenophobia? Mental Health and Motivation

The Science of Racism | Creators for Change - YouTube Video

🎓 Mental Health, Psychology and Relationship Resources

Houston Detox Resources

 Houston, Texas Detox and Withdrawal Resources

The greater Houston area is one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the United States. In fact, it is the fifth most populated metropolitan area in the country. With a large population, this area has a well developed economy and a substantial amount of tourism. Unfortunately, it also sees its fair share of addiction.

Addiction in Houston, Texas, is a substantial problem. The state of Texas, overall, sees a significant amount of drug trafficking as it shares a 1,254 mile long border with Mexico, one of the entry points for illegal drugs to enter the United States. Methamphetamine, cocaine, and heroin are among the main drugs that are trafficked into the state, which has the 2nd largest population in the United States after California.

Whether substance abuse is engaged in with illicit drugs or legally acquired substances (such as prescription drugs and alcohol), it is highly damaging to a person’s physical health, mental health, and social well being. To avoid or reverse these negative consequences, it is important to seek out addiction resources and assistance as soon as possible. (Source: Houston Detox Resources)

Addition Withdrawal Resources / What to Expect

• Fentanyl Withdrawal
• Percocet Withdrawal
• Methadone Withdrawal
• Tramadol Withdrawal
• Adderall Withdrawal
• OxyContin Withdrawal
• Vicodin Withdrawal
• Codeine Withdrawal
• Ketamine Withdrawal

The Benefits of Medical Detox for Substance Abuse

Post Recovery Care Addiction Resources in Texas

Learn more about  'Addiction Withdrawal' on the Houston Detox Resources Website.

Source / Reference: Magnolia City Detox

Published with permission from Magnolia City Detox

Forensic Psychology Resources

 Forensic Psychology Awareness, Information Research and Resources

“And when they dusted my mind for your fingerprints they found yours.”

― Shannon L. Alder

What is Forensic Psychology?

Forensic Psychology

"Forensic psychology is a specialized field within psychology that combines principles of psychology and law. It involves the application of psychological principles, theories, and research to the legal and criminal justice system. Forensic psychologists work in various settings, including courts, correctional facilities, law enforcement agencies, and academic institutions.

Here are some key areas and tasks within forensic psychology:

1. Criminal Profiling: Forensic psychologists may assist law enforcement agencies in developing profiles of unknown offenders based on crime scene analysis, victim characteristics, and other available evidence. They use their understanding of human behavior to provide insights into the offender's personality, motivations, and potential patterns of behavior.

2. Competency Evaluations: Forensic psychologists assess an individual's mental competency to stand trial. They evaluate a defendant's ability to understand the charges against them, assist in their defense, and comprehend court proceedings. These evaluations help the legal system determine if an individual is mentally capable of participating in their own defense.

3. Risk Assessments: Forensic psychologists conduct risk assessments to evaluate the potential danger an individual poses to themselves or others. These assessments are often used in cases involving parole, probation, or the determination of appropriate treatment for individuals with mental disorders.

4. Eyewitness Testimony: Forensic psychologists study and testify about the reliability of eyewitness testimony. They examine factors such as memory, perception, and suggestibility to provide insights into the accuracy and credibility of eyewitness accounts.

5. Juvenile Offenders: Forensic psychologists may work with young offenders to assess their mental health, determine risk factors, and develop appropriate intervention and treatment plans. They aim to understand the underlying issues that contribute to juvenile delinquency and provide recommendations for rehabilitation.

6. Victim Assistance: Forensic psychologists can also work with victims of crime, providing counseling, support, and testimony regarding the psychological impact of the crime. They may help victims cope with trauma, address their emotional needs, and navigate the criminal justice system.

To become a forensic psychologist, one typically needs to complete an undergraduate degree in psychology followed by a graduate degree in forensic psychology or a related field. After completing their education, many forensic psychologists seek licensure or certification to practice independently.

It's important to note that the field of forensic psychology is vast, and professionals may specialize in specific areas depending on their interests and expertise." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

A Free & Comprehensive Forensic Psychology Resource Forensic Psychology

An Overview of Forensic Psychology Verywell Mind

Conceptual Foundations of Forensic Psychology: The Legal Basis Oxford Academic

Creating Ethical Guidelines for Forensic Psychology PDF Australian Psychological Society

Decision-Making Within Forensic Psychiatric Investigations: The Use of Various Information Sources by Different Expert Groups to Reach Conclusions on Legal Insanity Frontiers in Psychiatry

Ethical and Professional Considerations in the Forensic Assessment of Complex Trauma and Dissociation NIH / National Library of Medicine 

Essential Skills Needed to be a Forensic Psychologist National University

Forensic Psychology Careers / Jobs Mental Health and Motivation

Forensic Psychology Definition, Examples & History Study

Forensic Psychology Skills and Effective Police Work PDF Download Research Gate

Forensic Psychology : Law and Psychology Britannica

Forensic Psychology Links All About Forensic Psychology 

Forensic Psychology: Witness Investigation Future Learn / Open University

Forensic Psychology Research Guides Southern New Hampshire University

Forensic Science True Crime Investigation: Forensic Psychology SD57 Library Guides

How to become a Forensic Psychologist Forensics Colleges

History of Forensic Psychology Springer Publishing

Learn What Forensic Psychologists Really Do All Psychology Schools

New Directions in Forensic Psychology: Applying Neuropsychology, Biomarkers and Technology in Assessment & Intervention Frontiers in Psychology

Role of Forensic Psychologists Legal Service India

Role of Forensic Psychology in Understanding Criminal Psychology Pleaders

Social Psychological Theories Applied to Forensic Psychology Topics Cambridge University Press

Specialty Guidelines for Forensic Psychology PDF American Psychological Association

The Clinical Assessment in the Legal Field: An Empirical Study of Bias and Limitations in Forensic Expertise Frontiers in Psychology

The Law Meets Psychological Expertise: Eight Best Practices to Improve Forensic Psychological Assessment PDF Download Annual Reviews

Websites for Forensic Psychologists Online Psychology Degrees

What does a forensic psychologist do? Career Explorer

What is Forensic Psychology? American Psychological Association

What is a Forensic Psychologist? - Video

🎓 Mental Health, Psychology and Relationship Resources

Addiction Center: Online Therapy

Your Guide for Addiction and Recovery 

What Is Online Therapy?
With the expanding world of technology and the growing need for accessible mental health care, more and more people are finding therapy services at their fingertips through online therapy every day. Online therapy, also called telepsychology or teletherapy, provides individuals with professional counseling via video or phone call, email, or text. As many individuals could not attend their in-person counseling sessions due to COVID-19 restrictions and related health risks in recent years, online therapy provides an opportunity for individuals to connect with qualified professionals safely and routinely from their homes. 

What Issues Can Online Therapy Address?
Online therapy, like traditional counseling, can address a wide array of topics, including relationship concerns, stress, anger management, bereavement, and trauma. Additionally, teletherapy can address mental health disorders like depression, anxiety, eating disorders, and can be implemented in substance abuse treatment. Another form of therapy that individuals can access online is Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. This psychotherapy treatment was initially designed to alleviate the distress associated with traumatic memories. EDMR is also recognized by the Department of Defense and Veterans Health Administration for helping treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Online therapy isn’t suitable for all conditions or situations. According to a study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), situations or conditions deemed unsuitable for online therapy include:

• Suicidal thoughts
• Homicidal thoughts
• Severe substance use disorders
• Severe eating disorders
• Borderline personality disorder (BPD)
• Thought disorders (like schizophrenia), which may include delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thinking

(Source: Addiction Center)

The Benefits Of Online Therapy

• Accessibility
• Convenience And Availability
• Similar Outcomes
• Destigmatizing Mental Health Care

The Drawbacks

• Lack Of Privacy During Online Sessions
• Lack Of Connection
• Lack Of Computer Knowledge, Experience, Or Access
• What To Look For Before Choosing Online Therapy
• Are The Therapists On This Site Licensed?
• Will My Insurance Cover These Services?

Common Questions About Online Therapy

• How Often Will I See My Therapist, And How Long Is Each Session?
• Do The Therapists Have Experience With The Issues I Am Seeking Counseling For?
• Will I Be Able To Choose My Therapist?
• Will I Receive A Diagnosis Or Be Prescribed Medication?
• Are These Platforms Confidential And Private?
• Resources Are A Click Away

Learn more about  'Online Therapy' on the Addiction Center Website.

Source / Reference: Addiction Center

Published with permission from Addiction Center

Alcohol and Drug Testing Resources

 Alcohol and Drug Testing Information, Research and Resources

“What is an addiction? It is a sign, a signal, a symptom of distress. It is a language that tells us about a plight that must be understood.” – Alice Miller

Alcohol and Drug Testing in the Workplace

Substance Abuse Testing

Toxicology Testing

What is Alcohol and Drug Testing?

Alcohol and Drug Testing 

"Alcohol and drug testing are processes used to detect the presence of substances such as alcohol, illicit drugs, or prescription medications in a person's system. These tests are commonly conducted in various settings, including workplaces, sports organizations, legal proceedings, and rehabilitation programs. The primary purposes of alcohol and drug testing are to promote safety, enforce regulations, and identify individuals who may have substance abuse issues.

Here are some commonly used methods for alcohol and drug testing:

1. Breathalyzer: A breathalyzer is a device used to measure the amount of alcohol in a person's breath. It estimates the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) by analyzing the alcohol content in the breath sample.

2. Urine Test: Urine testing is the most common method for detecting drugs in the body. It can detect a wide range of substances, including marijuana, cocaine, opioids, amphetamines, and benzodiazepines. Urine tests are relatively non-invasive, cost-effective, and provide a history of substance use over a specific period.

3. Saliva Test: Saliva testing involves collecting a saliva sample to detect the presence of drugs or alcohol. It can be used to detect recent substance use and is often employed in roadside drug testing. Saliva tests are less invasive than urine tests and can detect substances such as marijuana, cocaine, amphetamines, opioids, and alcohol.

4. Blood Test: Blood testing is a highly accurate method of detecting drugs or alcohol in the system. It can measure the actual concentration of substances in the bloodstream at the time of testing. Blood tests are often used in legal proceedings or situations where precise measurements are required. They can detect a wide range of substances, including alcohol, illicit drugs, and prescription medications.

5. Hair Test: Hair testing involves analyzing a hair sample to detect drug metabolites that have been incorporated into the hair follicle. This type of testing can provide a longer history of drug use, as substances remain detectable in hair for a longer period compared to other methods. Hair tests are commonly used in forensic or workplace settings.

6. Sweat Patch Test: A sweat patch is a bandage-like patch that is worn on the skin to collect sweat samples. The patch is later removed and tested for the presence of drugs or alcohol. This method is less common than urine or saliva testing but can provide a continuous monitoring option over an extended period.

It's important to note that the specific testing methods and regulations can vary depending on the purpose of testing, legal requirements, and the organization or institution conducting the tests. Additionally, it's essential to follow proper procedures and ensure the accuracy, reliability, and privacy of testing processes to maintain ethical standards and protect individuals' rights." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

Addiction Test Mental Health America

Alcohol Test: How Long does Alcohol Stay in your System Elite Medical Center

Blood Alcohol Test: What Happens, Results, and Legal Limits WebMD

Common Ways To Test for Drugs and Alcohol Neoteryx

Drug and Alcohol Testing in the Workplace - Objectives, Pitfalls, and Guidelines U.S. Department of Justice

Drug and Alcohol Testing Psychology Research and Reference

Drug and Alcohol Testing Program FMCSA

Drug and Alcohol Testing in Organisations CRYSTAL Health Group

Drug Testing in Child Welfare National Center on Substance Abuse and Child Welfare

Drug Testing Research Articles for the Workplace SAMHSA

Drug Testing Resources in the Workplace SAMHSA

Employment Drug Testing and Alcohol Testing Liveabout

Guidelines For Workplace Alcohol And Drug Testing Policies Human Rights Commission 

How effective is drug testing as a workplace safety strategy? A systematic review of the evidence ResearchGate

How long do Drugs and Alcohol Stay in Your System? DNA Legal

Impact of Drug-Testing Programs on Productivity NIH

Online Resources for Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drugs University of Texas

Rapid Testing Methods of Drugs of Abuse PDF Download UNODC

Reasons for Drug Testing in the Workplace CannAmm

Screening Tools and Prevention National Institute of Drug Abuse

Substance Abuse Testing Windermere Medical Center

Testing for Drugs of Abuse (DOAs) UpToDate

The effect of alcohol and drug testing at the workplace on individual’s occupational accident risk ScienceDirect

The Impact and Effectiveness of Drug Testing Programs in the Workplace Springer

Understanding the Urine Drug Test Healthline

What is a 10-panel drug test? Healthline

What Is a Toxicology Test? WebMD

What is Detected in a Drug and Alcohol Test? KINNECT

What does Drug and Alcohol Test Mean? Safeopedia

What to Expect from a Drug and Alcohol Assessment Family First

Do Drug Tests Detect Alcohol? - Video

🎓 Mental Health, Psychology and Relationship Resources

Psychiatric Diagnosis Resources

 Psychiatric Diagnosis, Awareness, Information, Research and Resources

“For too long a time--for half a century, in fact--psychiatry tried to interpret the human mind merely as a mechanism, and consequently the therapy of mental disease merely in terms of technique. I believe this dream has been dreamt out. What now begins to loom on the horizon is not psychologized medicine but rather those of human psychiatry.” ― Viktor E. Frankl

Psychiatric Diagnosis
"Psychiatric diagnosis is a process used by mental health professionals to identify and classify mental health disorders based on the symptoms, behaviours, and experiences of an individual. It involves a comprehensive evaluation of an individual's mental health status, including their psychological and emotional functioning, medical history, and relevant contextual factors. Here are some key points about psychiatric diagnosis:

1. Diagnostic Systems: Mental health professionals primarily rely on established diagnostic systems to classify and diagnose mental health disorders. The most widely used diagnostic system is the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), published by the American Psychiatric Association. Another commonly used system is the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) developed by the World Health Organization (WHO).

2. Evaluation Process: Psychiatric diagnosis typically involves a thorough assessment by a qualified mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist, clinical psychologist, or licensed therapist. The evaluation process may include clinical interviews, structured questionnaires, observations, and sometimes additional assessments like psychological testing.

3. Criteria for Diagnosis: Diagnostic systems like the DSM and ICD outline specific diagnostic criteria for each mental health disorder. These criteria include clusters of symptoms, duration, and functional impairment, among other factors. Mental health professionals compare an individual's symptoms and experiences to these criteria to determine if a particular diagnosis is appropriate.

4. Multidimensional Approach: Psychiatric diagnosis takes into account various factors to provide a comprehensive understanding of an individual's mental health. This includes considering biological, psychological, and social factors that may contribute to the development and manifestation of mental health disorders.

5. Differential Diagnosis: Mental health professionals engage in a process called differential diagnosis, where they consider multiple possible diagnoses that align with the individual's symptoms and rule out other potential causes. This process helps ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning.

6. Diagnostic Challenges: Psychiatric diagnosis can be complex and challenging due to the overlapping symptoms among different disorders, comorbidity (co-occurrence of multiple disorders), and subjective interpretation of symptoms. Additionally, cultural and contextual factors need to be considered to ensure a culturally sensitive and accurate diagnosis.

7. Purpose of Diagnosis: Psychiatric diagnosis serves several purposes. It helps mental health professionals in understanding and explaining an individual's symptoms and experiences, facilitates effective communication among professionals, informs treatment planning and interventions, and guides research and the development of evidence-based interventions.

It is important to note that psychiatric diagnosis is not without controversy and limitations. The field of mental health continues to evolve, and ongoing discussions focus on refining diagnostic systems, incorporating a more personalized approach to mental health, and addressing potential biases in diagnosis.


If you or someone you know is seeking a psychiatric diagnosis or experiencing mental health concerns, it is recommended to consult with a qualified mental health professional who can conduct a comprehensive evaluation and provide appropriate support and guidance." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

A Short Guide to Psychiatric Diagnosis PDF Download Mental Health Europe

Clinical Assessment, Diagnosis and Treatment PressBooks

Commonly Diagnosed Mental Disorders in a General Hospital System BMC

Criticism of Psychiatric Diagnosis Oxford Academic

Diagnosis and Causal Explanation in Psychiatry NIH

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5-TR™) Mental Health and Motivation

Diagnosis in Child Mental Health Australian Government

Differential Diagnosis of Mental Health Disorders The Recovery Village

Four Core Concepts in Psychiatric Diagnosis Karger

Mental Health Diagnostic Challenges: Update on “To Err Is Human” Psychiatric Times

Mental Health Nursing Diagnosis & Care Plan NurseTogether

Psychiatric Diagnosis and Its Limitations Essay IvyPanda

Psychiatric Diagnosis - An Overview ScienceDirect

Psychiatric Diagnosis: Impersonal, Imperfect and Important Cambridge Core

Psychiatric Diagnosis: The Indispensability of Ambivalence BMJ Journals

Psychiatric Diagnostic Uncertainty: Challenges to Patient-Centered Care AMA Journal of Ethics

Psychiatric Disorders Resource Center MPR

Resources By Mental Health Diagnosis NAMI / National Alliance on Mental Health 

The Diagnosis Debate The Lancet Psychiatry

The Functions of Psychiatric Diagnosis PDF Thesis Download University of Liverpool 

The Future of Mental Health Diagnosis Goes Beyond the Manual Wired

The Problem of Psychiatric Diagnosis ResearchGate

Types and Symptoms of Common Psychiatric Disorders Verywell Mind

What are Examples of Psychiatric Diagnoses? University of Washington

What’s The Impact Of Having A Mental Health Diagnosis? The Awareness Centre

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Socioeconomic Status and Mental Health

 Mental Health and Socioeconomic Status (SES) : Awareness, Information and Research

“Social class or socioeconomic status (SES) is the strongest predictor of health, disease causation, and longevity in medical sociology.” ― William C. Cockerham

The Impact of Socioeconomic Status (SES) on Mental Health

International Socioeconomic Status Research Studies

Socioeconomic Environment on Children 

Socioeconomic Status and Mental Health

"Socioeconomic status (SES) refers to a person's social and economic position in society, typically measured by factors such as income, education level, occupation, and social class. Research has consistently shown that socioeconomic status is closely linked to mental health outcomes. Here are some key points regarding the relationship between socioeconomic status and mental health:

1. Disparities in mental health: Individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to experience mental health challenges compared to those from higher socioeconomic backgrounds. This disparity can be attributed to various factors, including limited access to resources, higher levels of stress, exposure to adverse living conditions, and reduced opportunities for social and economic mobility.

2. Access to mental health care: Lower socioeconomic status is associated with limited access to mental health services. Barriers such as financial constraints, lack of insurance coverage, transportation difficulties, and a shortage of mental health providers in underserved areas can prevent individuals from seeking and receiving appropriate care. This can result in untreated or under-treated mental health conditions.

3. Environmental stressors: Individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds often face higher levels of chronic stress due to financial insecurity, unemployment or underemployment, inadequate housing conditions, neighborhood violence, discrimination, and limited social support networks. These environmental stressors can contribute to the development and exacerbation of mental health problems.

4. Health behaviors: Socioeconomic status influences health behaviors that can impact mental health. Individuals with higher SES tend to have better access to healthy food, opportunities for physical activity, and healthcare information. On the other hand, lower SES individuals may have limited access to nutritious food, live in environments with fewer safe recreational spaces, and engage in health-damaging behaviors (e.g., smoking, substance abuse) as coping mechanisms.

5. Education and mental health: Education level is an important component of socioeconomic status and is associated with mental health outcomes. Higher levels of education are generally linked to better mental health. Education provides individuals with knowledge, critical thinking skills, and opportunities for personal growth and empowerment, which can positively influence mental well-being.

6. Intergenerational impact: Socioeconomic status can have intergenerational effects on mental health. Children and adolescents from lower socioeconomic backgrounds may be at higher risk for mental health difficulties due to the cumulative impact of socioeconomic disadvantages, limited access to resources, and exposure to adverse childhood experiences.

Addressing the impact of socioeconomic status on mental health requires a multi-faceted approach. It involves efforts to reduce socioeconomic inequalities, improve access to mental health services, promote mental health literacy and awareness, and provide support programs that address the unique challenges faced by individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Policy changes, community-based interventions, and advocacy for equitable access to resources and opportunities can contribute to reducing the mental health disparities associated with socioeconomic status." (Source: ChatGPT 2023)

An Examination of the Correlation between Socioeconomic Status and Mental Illness PDF Download McKendree  University  

Addressing Poverty and Mental Illness Psychiatric Times

Association Between Parental Income During Childhood and Risk of Schizophrenia Later in Life Jama Psychiatry

Association between Socioeconomic Status and the Development of Mental and Physical Health Conditions in Adulthood: A Multi-Cohort Study Science Direct

Association of Socioeconomic Status with Psychiatric Problems and Violent Behaviours in a Nationally representative sample of Iranian Children and Adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV Study BMJ Open

Childhood Socioeconomic Status and Adulthood Mental Health: Results from the survey on employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences Oxford Academic Journal of Public Health

Does Socioeconomic Status mediate the Relationship between Income Loss and Depression Scores? Evidence from South Africa Springer

Effects of Socioeconomic Status on Mental Health Study

Effect of Socioeconomic Status on the Physical and Mental Health of the Elderly: The Mediating Effect of Social Participation BMC Public Health

Examining the Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Mental Health Quality of Life in a Rural Neighborhood Context IOWA Research Online

Exploring the Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Health, as it affects Men and Women PDF Download University of Tennessee at Chattanooga 

How Socioeconomic Status Negatively Impacts Children’s Brains Big Think

Individual-level and area-level Socioeconomic Status (SES) and Schizophrenia: Cross-Sectional Analyses using the evidence from 1.9 million Chinese adults BMJ Journals

How does Income affect Mental Health and Health Behaviours? A Quasi-Experimental Study of the Earned Income Tax Credit BMJ Journals

How does Neighbourhood Socio-Economic Status Affect the Interrelationships between Functioning Dimensions in first episode of Psychosis? A network Analysis Approach ScienceDirect

Low Socioeconomic Status and Mental Health Care Use Among Respondents With Anxiety and Depression in the NCS-R Psychiatry Online

Low Socioeconomic Status is a Risk Factor for Mental Illness, According to a Statewide Examination of Psychiatric Hospitalizations American Psychological Association

Low Socioeconomic Status Precipitates Psychiatric Disorders in Later Life Psychiatry Advisor

Mental Health Problems and Socioeconomic Disadvantage: A Controlled Household Study in rural Ethiopia International Journal for Equity in Health BMC

Perspectives in Poverty and Mental Health Frontiers in Public Health

Psychosis, Socioeconomic Disadvantage, and Health Service Use in South Australia: Findings from the Second Australian National Survey of Psychosis Frontiers in Public Health

Socioeconomic Inequality: A Determinant in Mental Health Disorders? Progress in Mind

Socioeconomic Inequalities in Mental Health among Adolescents in Europe PDF Download Euro Who

Socioeconomic Status at Birth Is Associated With Risk of Schizophrenia: Population-Based Multilevel Study NIH

Socioeconomic Position and Depression in South African adults with long-term health conditions: A Longitudinal Study of Causal Pathways Cambridge University Press

Socioeconomic Status and Mental Health among Low-Income Employees: A Systematic Literature Review ResearchGate

Socioeconomic Status and Mental illness Stigma: The Impact of Mental illness Controllability Attributions and Personal Responsibility Judgments Taylor and Francis Online

Socioeconomic Status and Psychiatric Disorders: The Causation-Selection Issue Science

Socioeconomic Status and Self-Reported Barriers to Mental Health Service Use PDF Download Sage

Socioeconomic Status, Work-Life Conflict, and Mental Health Wiley Online Library

Socioeconomic Status, Stressful Life Situations and Mental Health Problems in Children and Adolescents: Results of the German BELLA cohort-study NIH

The Impact of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Mental Health and Self-Efficacy of College Students PDF Download Geneseo KnightScholar

The Influence of Family Socioeconomic Status on Adolescents’ Mental Health in China PDF Download MDPI

The Reciprocal Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Health and the Influence of Sex: A European SHARE-Analysis Based on Structural Equation Modeling MDPI

The Vexing Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status and Health BMC

The Socioeconomic and Racial Disparities in Mental Health Care PDF Download Stanford University

What has Economics got to do with it? The Impact of Socioeconomic Factors on Mental Health and the case for Collective Action Nature

Work, Stress, and Health & Socioeconomic Status American Psychological Association

Socioeconomic Status & Mental Health - Video

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